La Mycoplasmosis Aviar
Los organismos del g nero Mycoplasma son causa importante de enfermedades respiratorias en las aves, rancho cucamonga. Entre las numerosas especies de Mycoplasma que han sido aislados en las aves dom sticas, tres tienen una importancia especial: Mycoplasma gallisepticum, asociado con la enfermedad respiratoria crónica; el síndrome en los sacos a reos en pollos y pavos y la Sinusitis infecciosa de los pavos; Mycoplasma meleagridis, rancho cucamonga, asociado con la aerosaculitis en los pavos y Mycoplasma synoviae, , causa de la sinovitis infecciosa en pollos y pavos.
La enfermedad respiratoria crónica, el síndrome de los sacos a reos y la sinusitis infecciosa de los pavos tienen una causa común. La enfermedad respiratoria crónica fue reconocida por primera vez como una enfermedad respiratoria suave crónica en los pollos adultos. Disminuía la producción de huevos, pero producía poca o ninguna mortalidad, rancho cucamonga. Más tarde, , una condición conocida como la "enfermedad de los sacos a reos" se convirtió en un problema con las aves más jóvenes.
En algunas explotaciones produjo una alta mortalidad, rancho cucamonga. Muchas aves estaban retrasadas, , disminuyó la eficiencia alimenticia y muchas fueron rechazadas para el consumo humano despu s de procesadas.
La sinusitis infecciosa de los pavos produce una hinchazón de los senos infraorbitales y una inflamación de los órganos respiratorios, new tramadol tramadol shipped cod. Se trata de una enfermedad crónica que afecta adversamente el desarrollo y la conversión alimenticia. Tambi n puede producir una importante mortalidad entre los pavos jóvenes.
Una bacteria peculiar, conocida como Mycoplasma gallisepticum es común para las tres enfermedades. La enfermedad respiratoria crónica y la sinusitis de los pavos son causadas por infecciones puras de M. gallisepticum, rancho cucamonga, mientras que el síndrome de los sacos a reos lo produce una combinación de M. gallisepticum y E. coli. Estas enfermedades las inician infecciones agudas respiratorias, como la enfermedad de Newcastle o la Bronquitis infecciosa.
El M. gallisepticum está ampliamente extendido y afecta a muchas especies de aves. Programas de erradicación han reducido su incidencia en los últimos años. Principalmente se transmite por el huevo. Las gallinas infectadas transmiten las bacterias y los pollitos se infectan al nacer, rancho cucamonga. Tambi n pueden transmitirse por contacto directo con aves infectadas o portadoras.
La enfermedad respiratoria crónica verdadera produce ligeros síntomas respiratorios, como tos, estornudo y descarga nasal. En el síndrome del saco a reo hay una extensa implicación de todo el aparato respiratorio. Los sacos a reos suelen estar congestionados, conteniendo grandes cantidades de exudados, rancho cucamonga. Las aves afectadas se ven abatidas, disminuye su consumo de alimento y hay una rápida p rdida de peso corporal.
La sinusitis infecciosa de los pavos ocurre en dos formas, rancho cucamonga. Cuando se presenta en su forma "superior", hay solamente inflamación de los senos infraorbitales. En la forma "inferior", están afectados los pulmones y los sacos a reos. Estos se ven congestionados y contienen grandes cantidades de exudado. Se suelen presentar ambas formas en el lote, y muchas veces en un mismo animal.
El diagnóstico de ambas condiciones se basa en la historia del lote, , en síntomas y lesiones. Son útiles los análisis de sangre para determinar si un lote está infectado.
La respuesta al problema con M, rancho cucamonga. gallisepticum, tanto en pollos como en pavos, es la erradicación de la bacteria productora. El tratamiento de la enfermedad respiratoria crónica, el síndrome de los sacos a reos y de la forma inferior de la sinusitis infecciosa se considera satisfactorio siempre y cuando se utilice en antibiótico adecuado. La Doxiciclina HCl es un antibiótico semisint tico de amplio espectro que actúa inhibiendo el metabolismo celular bacteriano, inhibiendo la formación del complejo del RNA de transferencia - RNA mensajero - Ribosoma. Esto impide la formación proteica al evitar la adición de aminoácidos a la cadena peptídica. Por ser un producto altamente liposoluble ingresa fácilmente a la c lula bacteriana ejerciendo su efecto de manera muy eficiente, y evitando con ello la presentación rápida de resistencias. De la misma manera la Doxiciclina HCl se caracteriza por poseer buena penetración tisular, rancho cucamonga, absorbi ndose rápida y completamente en el tracto gastrointestinal, despu s de su administración oral, rancho cucamonga. Por su característica liposoluble se difunde en los líquidos y tejidos corporales alcanzando valores terap uticos en pocas horas, tramadol free online consultation. Particularmente en los tejidos pulmonar, rancho cucamonga, hepático y renal las concentraciones del producto son elevadas por lo que se recomienda para el tratamiento de afecciones en estos órganos. Éstos son mantenidos por tiempo prolongado gracias a su lenta eliminación por vía hepática y fecal, siendo su tiempo de eliminación superior al de otras tetraciclinas, lo que le da una eficacia terap utica a la dosis recomendada. Durante este proceso la eliminación se da en forma de quelato inactivo, con lo que no hay daño de la microflora del intestino grueso. En Mol culas Finas encontrará más información.
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